In a third series of experiments we

In a third series of experiments we used distilled water and acetic acid solutions of varying concentrations as different leaching media. The experimental results for a 1 h leaching at 100 ◦C are summarized in Table 3. The leaching effects in water can nearly be neglected. This is due to the small specific surface area AS of the BaTiO3 seeds (AS(BET) = 0.13 m2 g−1) compared to that of the calcined BaTiO3 powders (AS(BET) ∼ 2 m2 g−1) [2]. The use of acetic acid leaching solutions broadens the gap between the pH of the solution and the stability field of BaTiO3 in aqueous media [11], and thus the amount of dissolved Ba2+ ions increases.