1、 引言在信息化时代，人们在享受着新技术带来的便利的同时，不得不面临

1. Introduction <br>In the information age, while enjoying the convenience brought by new technologies, people have to face a serious problem, that is, the limitation and scarcity of radio spectrum resources. How to resolve the contradiction of the relatively tight frequency resources has become an urgent problem that needs to be solved before people. Among various new spectrum allocation schemes, cognitive radio technology adjusts transmission parameters in real time through intelligent learning and perception of the spectrum environment, which can significantly improve spectrum utilization. Different from traditional wireless networks, cognitive radio networks have the characteristics of self-detection, self-adaptation, self-repair and self-learning. It is a wireless network model that effectively eases the problem of spectrum resource shortage in the future and is the most effective in improving the utilization of spectrum resource One of the programs has great potential for development. <br>This article comprehensively sorts out the development of cognitive radio technology, writes a literature review, and focuses on the research status of cognitive radio technology features and applications, including the overall concept of cognitive radio, relevant research fields at home and abroad, and key technologies Wait for the prospect of its development and lay the foundation for further research in the future.

1, introduction<br>In the information age, people enjoy the convenience of new technology, but also have to face a serious problem, that is, the limited and scarce radio spectrum resources. How to resolve the contradiction of the relative tension of frequency resources has become an urgent problem to be solved in front of people. In various new spectrum allocation schemes, cognitive radio technology can significantly improve the utilization rate of spectrum by adjusting the transmission parameters in real time through intelligent learning and the perception of the spectral environment. Different from the traditional wireless network, cognitive radio network has the characteristics of self-detection, self-adaptation, self-repair and self-learning, it is a wireless network model to effectively alleviate the problem of spectrum resources in the future, is one of the most effective ways to improve the utilization of spectrum resources, has great development potential.<br>This paper makes a comprehensive comb inggs on the development of cognitive radio technology, writes a literature review, focuses on the characteristics of cognitive radio technology and the current research status of its application, including the general concept of cognitive radio, relevant research areas at home and abroad, key technologies, etc., and looks forward to its development, laying a foundation for further research in the future.

1. Introduction<br>In the information age, people have to face a serious problem when they enjoy the convenience brought by new technology, that is, the limitation and scarcity of radio spectrum resources. How to resolve the relative tension of frequency resources has become an urgent problem in front of people. Among all kinds of new spectrum allocation schemes, cognitive radio technology can adjust the transmission parameters in real time through intelligent learning and the perception of spectrum environment, which can significantly improve the utilization of spectrum. Different from the traditional wireless network, cognitive radio network has the characteristics of self detection, self adaptation, self-healing and self-learning. As a wireless network model to effectively alleviate the shortage of spectrum resources in the future, it is one of the most effective ways to improve the utilization rate of spectrum resources and has great development potential.<br>In this paper, the development of cognitive radio technology is comprehensively combed, literature review is written, and the characteristics of cognitive radio technology and the research status of its application are mainly introduced, including the overall concept of cognitive radio, related research fields at home and abroad, key technologies, etc. the development of cognitive radio technology is prospected to lay the foundation for further research in the future.<br>