the hips were collected by sharp dissection. Prior to further processing, removal torque(N•cm) was measured for half (n=36; 18 TM implants and 18 TSV implants) the implants to measure the different implant experimental groups’ stability after three weeks in vivo, while the remaining implants (n¼ 36; 18 TM implants and 18 TSV implants) were referred for histological evaluation