Surface effects include surface morphology, micro scale structure and surface properties. The interface effect refers to the physical and chemical actions occurring at the interface, including contact, wetting, adsorption diffusion and bonding, point if, material transfer and interface heat transfer, etc. in mechanical engineering, the real contact area is formed by solid contact, and the surface force, mass surface energy, and the size and distribution of micro convex have a significant influence on the state of Qi I.
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