No flight was routine in 1911: there were no ground or flight checklists. There was only common sense, good judgment based upon experience, and, often, natural skill that prevented accidents. There was little specialized equipment. Civilian attire was worn at the Wright school, and hats were simply donned backward to keep them from blowing off the pilots’ heads. Until Arnold took a bug square in the eye during one particular flight, goggles had not been worn. After successful removal of the bug’s wings from Arnold’s eye, goggles became a standard piece of flying gear.22