摘要随着研究不断深入，无线传感器网络技术逐渐成熟并被应用到更多领域中，

摘要<br>随着研究不断深入，无线传感器网络技术逐渐成熟并被应用到更多领域中，其工作环境、监测对象及信息日趋多样。为保证不同应用目标的顺利实现，无线传感器网络需提供必要的服务质量保障，质量保障机制成为研究者持续关注的重要议题。无线传感器网络服务质量在数据传输.上主要关注时间性、可靠性;在感知器件确定的情况下，数据采集质量则主要受网络覆盖度及连通性影响，服务质量保障需要网络不同层次提供支持机制，机制实现依赖不同网络组件内部的方法实现。基于对无线传感器网络服务质量保障现状的分析,发现在复杂多样的应用环境中，服务质量保障机制面临以下挑战:<br>(1)QoS要求不同的多种业务传输并存,需要提供多级服务质量保障支持; (2)数据传输要求同时满足多个QoS指标，需要高效均衡的多QoS保障支持; (3)数据流量时空分布不均，需要提供适应流量动态变化的传输质量保障支持; (4) 节点部署分布不均、拓扑变化，需要提供感知覆盖质量保障部署优化支持。针对以上挑战，本文从应用服务质量要求出发,研究了实现服务质量支持的四个问题: (1)多种业务数据传输的多级QoS保障问题，(2)端到端数据传输的多QoS保障问题，(3) 动态流量下高效传输的节点调度问题，(4) 感知覆盖质量增强的部署优化问题，并提出了相应的解决策略与方法。<br>本文主要针对上述四个问题中的第二个问题进行研究，研究成果如下:<br>Aiming at the problem of multiple QoS guarantees for end-to-end data transmission, a QoS routing DTQOR based on directional transmission and using machine forwarding to meet multiple service quality requirements is proposed. DTQOR reduces the selection range of candidate forwarding node sets based on the target node location and directional transmission Scale; based on the estimation of the number of hops of the transmission path, the end-to-end QoS requirements are decomposed into single-hop QoS requirements; based on the nature of QoS measurement, the multiple QoS constraints problem is reduced to a multi-objective problem, and the heuristic with low complexity is designed Generation algorithm of candidate forwarding node set. Simulation experiments show that DTQOR improves the end-to-end delay, provides adaptive reliability guarantees, reduces transmission costs, and achieves multi-QoS balanced guarantees compared to multipath multi-constrained routing methods. <br>Keywords: wireless sensor network, service quality assurance mechanism, QoS routing DTQOR.

Summary<br>With the deepening of research, wireless sensor network technology has matured and been applied to more fields, its working environment, monitoring objects and information are becoming more and more diverse. In order to ensure the smooth realization of different application objectives, wireless sensor network needs to provide the necessary service quality assurance, quality assurance mechanism has become an important issue for researchers to pay continuous attention. Wireless sensor network service quality in data transmission. Based on the analysis of the current situation of wireless sensor network service quality assurance, it is found that in the complex and diverse application environment, the service quality guarantee mechanism faces the following challenges:<br>(1) QoS requires a variety of different business transmissions coexisting, and needs to provide multi-level quality assurance support; (2) Data transmission requirements at the same time to meet multiple QoS indicators, the need for efficient and balanced multi-QoS guarantee support; (3) The spatial and temporal distribution of data traffic is uneven, and it is necessary to provide transmission quality assurance support to adapt to the dynamic changes of traffic; (4) Node deployments are unevenly distributed and topology changes, and require sensing coverage quality assurance deployment optimization support. In view of the above challenges, this paper studies four problems to realize quality of service support from the application of service quality requirements: (1) multi-level QoS guarantee for multiple business data transmission, (2) multi-QoS guarantee for end-to-end data transmission, (3) node scheduling for efficient transmission under dynamic traffic, (4) the deployment optimization of the enhanced quality of perceived coverage, and puts forward the corresponding strategies and methods to solve.<br>This paper focuses on the second of the four issues mentioned above, and the results are as follows:<br> In view of the multi-QoS guarantee problem of data end-to-end transmission, the paper proposes that QoS routing DTQOR.DTQOR based on directional transmission meets a variety of service quality requirements according to the target node location, reduces the selection range and scale of the candidate forwarding node set based on the direction transfer; An algorithm for generating heuristic candidate forwarding node sets with low complexity is designed. The simulation experiments show that DTQOR improves end-to-end latency, provides adaptive reliability, lower transmission cost, and achieves the equilibrium guarantee of multiQoS compared with multi-path multi-constraint routing method.<br>Keywords: wireless sensor network, service quality guarantee mechanism, QoS routing DTQOR.

abstract<br>With the deepening of research, wireless sensor network technology is gradually mature and applied to more fields, its working environment, monitoring objects and information are increasingly diverse. In order to ensure the smooth realization of different application goals, wireless sensor networks need to provide necessary service quality assurance, and the quality assurance mechanism has become an important topic that researchers continue to pay attention to. The quality of service of wireless sensor network mainly focuses on the timeliness and reliability in data transmission; in the case of the determination of sensing devices, the quality of data collection is mainly affected by the network coverage and connectivity. The quality of service needs different support mechanisms provided by different layers of the network, and the mechanism implementation depends on the internal methods of different network components. Based on the analysis of the current situation of wireless sensor network service quality assurance, it is found that in the complex and diverse application environment, the service quality assurance mechanism faces the following challenges:<br>(1) QoS requires different kinds of service transmission coexist, which needs to provide multi-level service quality assurance support; (2) data transmission needs to meet multiple QoS indicators at the same time, which needs efficient and balanced multi QoS assurance support; (3) data traffic is not evenly distributed in time and space, which needs to provide transmission quality assurance support to adapt to the dynamic change of traffic; (4) The deployment of nodes is uneven and topology changes, so the deployment optimization support of perceived coverage quality assurance needs to be provided. In response to the above challenges, this paper starts from the requirements of application service quality, This paper studies four problems to realize QoS Support: (1) multi-level QoS guarantee for data transmission of multiple services, (2) multi QoS guarantee for end-to-end data transmission, (3) node scheduling for efficient transmission under dynamic traffic, (4) deployment optimization for enhanced perceptual coverage quality, and puts forward corresponding solutions and methods.<br>This paper mainly focuses on the second of the four problems mentioned above. The research results are as follows:<br>Aiming at the multi QoS guarantee problem of data end-to-end transmission, a QoS route dtqor is proposed, which is based on directional transmission and adopts machine forwarding to meet various quality of service requirements. Dtqor reduces the selection range and scale of candidate forwarding node set based on directional transmission according to the target node location; based on the hop number estimation of transmission path, the end-to-end QoS requirements are decomposed into single hop QoS requirements; Based on the property of QoS measure, the problem of multiple QoS constraints is reduced to a multi-objective problem, and a heuristic algorithm of candidate forwarding node set generation with low complexity is designed. The simulation results show that dtqor improves the end-to-end delay, provides adaptive reliability guarantee, reduces the transmission cost, and realizes multi QoS balance guarantee.<br>Key words: wireless sensor network, service quality assurance mechanism, QoS routing dtqor.