Te maximum discharge and water levels at the Yichang and Zhicheng stations, both within the sandy cobble reach, were reduced (Figs 3 and 4). Even if the food level increased at the same discharge, the pressure on food control systems in this section was efectively weakened, due to runof regulation by the TGR. Te increase in the area of the river channels in the upper reaches and the reach-scale bankfull channels of the lower reaches of the Jingjiang reach22 were conducive to the release of more foods waters. Te cross-sectional geometry shows that the shape of the channel above bankfull was not signifcantly changed (Fig. 6). Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake are downstream of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and variations in the lake volume will also afect the main channel food level. Terefore, when analysing the factors causing the increasing food level at the same discharge in the main stream of the Yangtze River, we must consider the relationship between the river and lakes, human activities, beach vegetation above the bankfull channel and controls in the watershed.