生命遗传物质脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）可与有毒有机物共存于污染环境中，通常

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the genetic material of life, can coexist with toxic organic matter in a polluted environment, usually in the form of extracellular or intracellular DNA [3]. Extracellular DNA mostly comes from the lysis and release of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and its more active chemical activity makes it easy to interact with other substances in the environment [4]. For example, extracellular DNA can be adsorbed on the surface of soil minerals [5], and metal cations Al (Ⅲ) and Fe (Ⅲ) in water can combine with their phosphate skeletons to cause DNA agglomeration [6]. Extracellular DNA will also combine with toxic organic matter to form adducts ("DNAadduct" in Figure 1), which in turn affects the degradation of extracellular DNA ("degradation" in Figure 1) and other environmental fate. In addition, extracellular DNA or plasmids can migrate into other living organisms, which is also an important basis for biodiversity [7-8]. Toxic organics can cause stress response of microorganisms, changes in cell membrane composition or structure through pollution stress, and produce cytotoxicity ("cytotoxicity" in Figure 1), which in turn affects the growth of microorganisms and the migration of DNA or plasmids. Toxic organic pollution can also cause intracellular DNA damage, affect its gene expression, and then cause genotoxicity ("genotoxic-ity" in Figure 1). The interaction and effects of toxic organic matter and DNA have become one of the hotspots and frontiers in environmental research.

Dna, a living genetic material, can coexist with toxic organic matter in contaminated environments and is usually present in the form of extracellular or intracellular DNA. Extracellular DNA is mostly derived from the cleavage interpretation of prokaryotes and prokaryotes, and the more active chemical activity makes it susceptible to interaction with other substances in the environment. For example, extracellular DNA can be adsorbed to the surface of soil minerals, and metal cations Al (III) and Fe (III) in water can bind to their phosphate skeletons, resulting in DNA reunion. Extracellular DNA also binds to toxic organic compounds to form compounds ("DNAadduct" in Figure 1), which in turn affects environmental trends such as the degradation of extracellular DNA ("degradation" in Figure 1). In addition, extracellular DNA or plasmids can be migrated into other living organisms, which is also an important basis for biodiversity. Toxic organic matter can cause stress reactions, changes in cell membrane composition or structure by contamination stress, and produce cytotoxicity ("cytoxicity" in Figure 1), which in turn affects microbial growth and DNA or plasmid migration. Toxic organic contamination can also cause intracellular DNA damage, affecting gene expression and, in turn, gene toxicity (Figure 1, "Genotoxic⁃ity"). The interaction and effect of toxic organic matter and DNA has become one of the hot spots and frontiers in environmental research.

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the genetic material of life, can coexist with toxic organic substances in polluted environment, usually in the form of extracellular or intracellular DNA [3]. Extracellular DNA mostly comes from the cleavage and release of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and its more active chemical activity makes it easy to interact with other substances in the environment [4]. For example, extracellular DNA can be adsorbed on the surface of soil minerals [5], and metal cations Al (III) and Fe (III) in water can combine with their phosphate skeleton to cause DNA aggregation [6]. Extracellular DNA will also combine with toxic organic compounds to form adducts (dnaadduct in Figure 1), which will affect the degradation of extracellular DNA (degradation in Figure 1). In addition, extracellular DNA or plasmids can migrate into other organisms, which is also an important basis for biodiversity [7-8]. Toxic organic compounds can cause stress response, changes in cell membrane composition or structure, and produce cytotoxicity through pollution stress, thus affecting microbial growth and DNA or plasmid migration. Toxic organic pollution can also cause DNA damage in cells, affect their gene expression, and then produce genotoxicity (see "genotoxic ⁃ ity" in Figure 1). The interaction and effect between toxic organic compounds and DNA has become one of the hot spots and frontiers in environmental research.<br>