Preface ixContributors xviiPart I IntroductionI.1 What Is Mathematics About? 1I.2 The Language and Grammar of Mathematics 8I.3 Some Fundamental Mathematical Definitions 16I.4 The General Goals of Mathematical Research 48Part II The Origins of Modern MathematicsII.1 From Numbers to Number Systems 77II.2 Geometry 83II.3 The Development of Abstract Algebra 95II.4 Algorithms 106II.5 The Development of Rigor in Mathematical Analysis 117II.6 The Development of the Idea of Proof 129II.7 The Crisis in the Foundations of Mathematics 142