The most important flood prevention measure in the ancient city of Luzhou is the water window located in the city wall. It has two important functions: draining the city's water and preventing flooding. The functionality of the water window is achieved by combining walls, buffers, and drainage pipes. As shown in the figure, in normal years, the river level is low, because the inner city is above the riverbed, the city's water will be along the pipe through the water window into the buffer zone, the accumulation of a certain amount of water continues along the wall drainage pipe discharge into the river.<br>When the river level rises, the water level exceeds the city, the river will be poured along the drainage pipe to the buffer zone, because the water window has a special structure similar to the vein flaps in the blood vessels, in the buffer zone water level exceeds the height of the water window will be automatically closed by pressure, to prevent flooding to the inner city, so as to ensure the city drainage at the same time, to prevent flooding.
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