In the process of adding materials, there will be the choice of reference surface. The main reference surface is the reference surface with the longest length of a normalized round wafer, and its orientation is usually a specific crystal direction. The main reference plane is also called the best scribe orientation. The secondary reference plane is a reference plane with a shorter round wafer length than the primary reference plane, and its position relative to the primary reference plane is used to mark the conductivity type and crystal orientation of the wafer. As shown in the figure, there are five directions in which the abrasive particles scrub on the GaAs surface.
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