Cognitive psychologists and educati

Cognitive psychologists and education researchers use the term critical thinking to describe a set of cognitive skills, strategies or behaviours that increase the likelihood of a desired outcome (Halpern, 1996b; Tiruneh et al., 2014).sychologists typically investigate critical thinking experimentally and have developed a series of reasoning schemas with which to study and define critical thinking; conditional reasoning, statistical reasoning, methodological reasoning and verbal reasoning (Nisbett et al., 1987; Lehman and Nisbett, 1990). Halpern (1993) expanded on these schemas to define critical thinking as the thinking required to solve problems, formulate inferences, calculate likelihoods and make decisions.