1.超声波测距原理超声波技术是一门以物理、电子、机械、机械、以及材料科

1. Umgaqo wobungakanani bemilinganiselo ye- <br>ultrasonic Itekhnoloji ye-ultrasonic yenye yeetekhnoloji ngokubanzi ezinokusetyenziswa kuzo zonke iindlela zobomi ngokusekwe kwi-physics, i-elektroniki, oomatshini, oomatshini, kunye nesayensi yezinto eziphathekayo. I-Ultrasound igqityiwe ngenkqubo ebonakalayo yokuveliswa kwe-ultrasonic, ukusasazeka kunye nokwamkelwa. Amagagasi e-Ultrasonic anokuvelisa iintlobo ezintathu zamaza ajikelezayo phakathi: amaza aguqukayo, angamaza alwalathiso lwento eluntwini olujolise kwicala losasazo; Amaza, amaza amaza awo aphakathi kwamaza akude najikelezayo. Amaza ajikelezayo anokwanda kuphela kwizinto eziqinileyo. Ukulinganisa ubungakanani bomzimba phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo, amaza e-ultrasonic ngohlobo lwamagagasi amade asetyenziswa rhoqo. <br>Iimpawu ezibonakalayo zamaza e-ultrasonic: ukubonakaliswa kunye nokukhutshelwa kwamaza e-ultrasonic.Xa amaza e-ultrasonic esasazeka kwisimo sokujongana nemithombo yeendaba emibini enezinto ezahlukeneyo zokuthintela, icandelo lamaza e-ultrasonic liyabonakala, kwaye elinye icala lidluliswa ngonxibelelwano kwaye Imeko le ibizwa ngokuba kukuphinda ubonakalise kwaye uphinde ubonakalise umbane we-ultrasonic Ukuphazamiseka kwamaza e-ultrasonic, ukuba amaza aliqela ezandi asasazeka ngapha nangapha, Ngenxa yoko, ukuphazamiseka kwamaza kwenzeka.Ngokuphazamiseka kwamaza e-ultrasonic, ifildi yesandisi-lizwi kubandakanya ubuninzi kunye nobuncinci benziwa malunga neradiator. <br>Zintathu iindlela eziphambili zokwahlulahlula i-ultrasonic: indlela yokubona isigaba: ukuchaneka okuphezulu, kodwa uluhlu lokuqonda olunomda; indlela ye-acoustic wave amplitude indlela: kulula ukuba ichaphazeleke ngamaza abonakalisiweyo; indlela yexesha lokuhamba: indlela elula kunye nenomdla yokusebenza, kulawulo lwehardware kunye noyilo lwesoftware Zonke ezi zinto zingasentla kulula ukuzisebenzisa, kwaye umthetho-siseko ngulo: ukufumana ixesha t lokuhambisa umbane we-ultrasonic ukusuka kwisenzi sokuhambisa ukusasaza phakathi kwegesi ukuya kwisenzi sokufumana, ngeli xesha lixesha lokuhamba, emva koko umgama l ibaliwe. Masithi l ngumlinganiso womgama, t ngumaxesha ohambo olujikelezayo, kwaye isantya sokusasaza kweliza le-ultrasonic ngu-c, emva koko l = ct / 2. Ngokusekwe kuhlalutyo olungentla, olu luyilo luya kwamkela indlela yexesha lokuhamba [9]. <br>2. Ukuchongwa kwesithuthi <br>Le nkqubo inokusetyenziswa ngokudibeneyo nendawo yokungena yokupaka kunye nenkqubo yolawulo lokuphuma.Xa kungekho ndawo yokupaka kwindawo yokupaka, inokunxulunyaniswa nenkqubo yokungena nokuphuma ukumisa itikiti lokungena kwindawo yokupaka Isilawuli sebhokisi ekukhutshweni kwamakhadi okupaka okwexeshana ukunqanda izithuthi ukuba zingadluli.Uxinano lwezithuthi okanye ukuxinana okubangelwa kukungena ngaphezulu kwindawo yokupaka.<br>Kwiindawo zokupaka iinqwelomoya eziqhelekileyo, ukusetyenziswa kweeprosesa ze-ultrasonic yitekhnoloji evuthiweyo nethembekileyo. Kwindawo yokupaka emi nkqo nethe tyaba, indawo yokupaka yesiqhelo ye-ultrasonic ayinandawo yokufaka, kwaye ayilunganga ukutsala intambo yokulandela, ngenxa yoko samkela imveliso yenkampani yethu yamva nje, isixhobo sokujonga indawo esinokuphuma ngaphandle esingenazingcingo, esifakelweyo Kwibhodi yemoto. <br>Kwiindawo zokupaka ezithe tyaba emhlabeni, iprosesa ye-ultrasonic ayinakusetyenziswa kwindawo evulekileyo yomoya ngenxa yempembelelo yomoya kunye nemvula, ke kufuneka sisebenzise isixhobo sokujonga indawo yokupaka indawo, esingcwatyelwe phantsi kwendawo yokupaka ukubona utshintsho kwicandelo le-geomagnetic, kwaye ugwebe ukuba kukho imoto kwindawo yokupaka ngokuthelekisa imeko. <br>Kwigaraji yoku-1 # no-2 # yokugcina idatha, idatha yezithuba zokupaka ezingenanto zegaraji ezizenzekelayo kufuneka idluliselwe kwinkqubo yesikhokelo ngexesha lokwenyani kusetyenziswa ikhompyuter ujongano kunye nesiseko sedatha. <br>Inkqubo yokufumanisa indawo yokupaka ibona ngexesha elifanelekileyo ukuba zikhona izithuthi ezimileyo kwindawo yokupaka, kwaye ithumele idatha kumlawuli ophambili kunye nakwikhompyuter yolawulo ngexesha lokwenyani ngokusebenzisa umqokeleli zinkcukacha kunye node. Kwiskrini esikwisikhokelo sendlela nganye ekunokukhokelwa kuyo kupakwa abathengi. Kwangelo xesha, ngokokusetyenziswa kwendawo yokupaka, isalathiso sokupaka silawulwa ukuba sikhanyise ngemibala eyahlukeneyo.Bomvu kuhlala abantu kwaye kuluhlaza akukho mntu.Abathengi banokuyibona ukusuka kwi-50 yeemitha kude.Ngokombala wokupaka Isalathiso, abathengi banokufumana ngokukhawuleza indawo yokupaka. Le nkqubo inezixhobo zokukhangela indawo yokupaka, izibane zesalathiso sendawo yokupaka, abaqokeleli zinkcukacha, njl.njl. Isebenzisa umboniso we-ultrasonic reflection ukubona umgama phakathi kwento ebonisiweyo kunye nomtshini, ngaloo ndlela kugwetywa ukuba zikhona izithuthi ezimileyo kwindawo yokupaka. ukufumanisa indawo yokupaka, indawo yokubonisa indawo yokupaka, kunye nendawo yokupaka. Ukucwangcisa kwangaphambili kunye neminye imisebenzi [10]. Le nkqubo ikakhulu inala macandelo alandelayo:

1. Iinkqubo zokuhamba kwe-ultrasonic<br>Ultrasonic technology yinye yeeteknoloji eziqhelekileyo ezingasetyenziswa kuzo zonke iindlela zobomi ezisekelwe kwifiziko, iielektroniki, iimatshini, iimatshini kunye neesayensi zamatyala.Ultrasonic lupheleliswe kwinkqubo yomzimba yesizukulwano esiphezulu, ukuqhubeka nokufumana.Amaza e-Ultrasonic angakhulisa iifomu ezintathu zamaza okuqhubekeka phakathi: amaza okuqhubekeka, amaza okuqhubekeka kwamathambo akhe icala elithe ngqo kwicala lokuqhubekeka;Amaza obude, amaza okujikeleza inxalenye elifana nendlela yokuqhubekeka;A wave propagating along a surface between a P-wave and a S-wave.Amaza e-S angaqhubekeka ngokuqinileyo kuphela, amaza e-P angaqhubekeka ngokuqinileyo, amanzi kunye ne-gasi, kwaye amaza aphezulu aqhubeka ngokukhawuleza ngokunyuka kobunzulu.Ukulinganisa ubungakanani bamanzi kumazwe ahlukeneyo, amaza amakhulu ngokwendlela yamaza obude asetyenziswa.<br>Physical properties of ultrasonic wave: Reflection and refraction of ultrasonic wave. When ultrasonic wave propagates to the plane interface of two media with different characteristic impedance, one part of ultrasonic wave is reflected, the other part is transmitted through the interface and continues to propagate in adjacent media. These two situations are called reflection and refraction of ultrasonic wave;Ukukhuthazwa kwamaza amakhulu, amaza amakhulu amakhulu esiqhubekeka phakathi, kunye noxinzelelo lwaso lwesandi kunye nobunzima bobunzima bomsindo bafumana ngokomthetho womsebenzi ongaphambili;Ultrasonic interference, ukuba amaza amaninzi amaninzi asesandi aqhubekeka phakathi, kwenzeka ukudibanisa kwamaza. Ngenxa yokudibanisa kwe-ultrasonic, umhlaba wesandi omkhulu kunye nomncinane wenziwa jikelele kwiradiator.<br>Kukho iindlela ezintathu ezibalulekileyo zokuhlala kweultrasonic: indlela yokufumana imigangatho: ukuqonda okuphezulu, kodwa umgama wokufumana omncinane;Indlela yokufumana i-amplitude ye-Acoustic: iphatha ngokulula ngamaza abonakalisiweyo;Indlela yokudlulisa ixesha: indlela yokusebenza ilula kwaye ilula ukuqonda kwindlela yokulawula i-hardware kunye noyilo lwe-software. Umthetho wayo kukufumana ixesha t xa i-ultrasonic esuka kwisihluzi esithumelayo isiqhubela ngaphakathi kwegasi esiphakathini sokwamkela isihluzi, eyayixesha lokudlulisa, kwaye ngoko ubala umgama L.Ukuba l ngumgama wokulinganiswa, t ngumhluko wexesha lokuhamba jikelele, kwaye isantya sokuqhuba kwamaza okugqithisileyo singu C, ngoko l = CT / 2.Ngokujoliswe ngaphezulu, indlela yokudlulisa ixesha izakuvumelwa kulo hlobo [9].<br>2. Vehicle inspection<br>Inkqubo inokusetyenziswa ngokudibanisa nomngeniso kunye nenkqubo yokulawula ulawulo lwendawo yokumisa. Xa kungekho ndawo yokumisa endaweni yokumisa, inokuxhotyiswa nenkqubo yokungena nokulawula inkqubo yokuphuma ukumisa ulawulo lwebhokisi yokumisa ibhokisi yokumisa ekungeneni kwendawo yokumisa ukukhupha iikhadi zokutshama okwesikhashana, ukuze kuthintelwe ukuxhotyiswa kwezithuthi okanye ukuxhotyiswa kwindawo yokumisa kwendawo yokumisa yenqanawa ezininzi ezingena<br>For ordinary plane parking spaces, the use of ultrasonic probe is a mature and reliable technology.Kwisithuba sokuphakamisa nokugqithisela isithuba sokutsala esithathu, isikhombisi esiqhelekileyo esigqithisileyo esingendawo yokufakwa, kwaye akunakwenzeka ukutsala intsontelo yokulandela, ngoko sithatha imveliso yethu yokugqithisela, isikhombisi sesithuba sokutsala esingenanto yokutshala, esifakwe kwisithuthi esithwala ipleyiti.<br>Kwisithuba sokutsala inqwelo-moya emhlabeni, ngenxa yokusebenza komoya nemvula, uphondo oluphezulu alunakusetyenziswa kwimeko evulekileyo, ngoko kufuneka sisebenzise umphathi wesithuba sokutsala kwemveliso esemveliweyo esigqithisileyo, ongcwatywa phantsi kwesithuba sokutsala ukufumana utshintsho lomhlaba we geomagnetic, kwaye ujonge ukuba kukho iimoto okanye ayikho kwisithuba sokutsala<br>Kwi-1 ne-2 iigaraji zogcino oluzenzekelayo, ugcino-lwazi lwesithuba sokutsala esingenanto sokutsala kwendawo yokugcina okuzenzekelayo luza kuthunyelwa kwinkqubo yokukhokela kwixesha elinyani ngokusebenzisa umdibaniso wekhompyutha kunye nomdibaniso wendawo yokugcina-<br>Inkqubo yokufumana isithuba sokutsala isithuba sibonakala ukuba kukho na izithuthi ezifakelwe kwisithuba sokutsala kwixesha lenene, kwaye ithumela ugcino-lwazi kumlawuli omkhulu kunye nokulawula ikhompyutha kwixesha lenene ngexesha lombutheli weedata kunye nomlawuli wolawulo lwenode. Umlawuli omkhulu ixesha eligqithisile inani leezithuthi ezingenanto kwisikrini sokukhombisa kwesikrini ngalNgexesha elinye, ngokokusetyenziswa kwesithuba sokutsala, lawula isikhombisi sesithuba sokutsala ukukhanya imibala eyahlukeneyo. Okubomvu kukhutshwa kwaye okuluhlaza akukho nto. Umxhasi ungayibona imitha engamashumi amahlanu kude. Ngokombala wesikhombisi sokutsala isithuba sokutsala, umxhasi angafumana ngokukhawuleza isithuba sokutsala.Inkqubo yenziwe ngumphathi wesithuba sokutsala, isikhombisi sokutsala isithuba sokutsala, umqokeleli wendawo yokugcina-lwazi, njl njl. umgama phakathi kwento ebonisiweyo kunye nomkhangeli ufunyanwa ngumphathi wokuqwalaselwa kwesithuba sokutsala, ukuze ahlule ukuba kukho izithuthi ezifakelwe kwisithuba sokutsala. Inkqubo inemisebenzi yokufumana isithuba sokutsala, isikhombisi sokutsala, isithuba sokutsala, njlInkqubo yenziwe kakhulu kwindawo zilandelayo: