1. A text file stores binary data t

1. A text file stores binary data that is organized into groups of 8 or 16 bits that are interpreted as characters.A2. A program written in a high-level language is stored in a text file that is also called a source file.A3. The type of a file determines which kinds of operations can be performed on it.A4. The current file pointer indicates the end of a file.B5. Sequential access and direct access take about the same amount of time to retrieve data.B6. Some operating systems maintain a separate read pointer and write pointer for a file.A7. UNIX file permissions allow a group of users to access a file in various ways.A8. In most operating systems, a directory is represented as a file.A9. Two files in a directory system can have the same name if they are in different directories.A10. A relative path is relative to the root of the directory hierarchy.B11. An absolute path and a relative path will always be the same length.B12. An operating system is responsible for managing the access to a disk drive.A13. The seek time is the amount of time it takes for the heads of a disk to reach a particular cylinder.A14. The shortest-seek-time-first disk scheduling algorithm moves the heads the minimum amount it can to satisfy a pending request.A15. The shortest-seek-time-first disk scheduling algorithm moves the heads the minimum amount it can to satisfy a pending request.B