In summary, the molecular mechanism by which ANTXR1 regulates γ-globin expression is mainly through interacting with the membrane protein LRP6, and activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which initiates the expression of the downstream transcription factor c-Jun, which in turn, promotes SOX6 expression, thereby silencing the expression of γ-globin (Figure 6). The regulation of γ-globin expression by ANTXR1 may also involve multiple levels, including effects on the expression of key regulators of γ-globin genes such as BCL11A and KLF1. The results of this study enrich our knowledge of the regulatory network controlling γ-globin expression and provide a new intervention target for the treatment of β-hemoglobinopathies.