HemorrhoidsIncreased constipation a

痔疮<br>排便时便秘和用力增加、盆腔水肿和静脉淤积都会导致痔疮的发展。以下提示将有助于预防和减轻痔疮的不适：<br>• 避免便秘。在饮食中缓慢增加可溶性和不溶性纤维，并在需要时添加纤维补充剂。<br>• 保持足够的液体摄入量（怀孕期间每天至少喝 8 到 10 杯水，母乳喂养的女性每天至少喝 10 到 12 杯水）。使用尿液测试来确定是否需要增加液体。清澈的尿液意味着充足的水分；较深的黄色尿液表明需要更多的水分。<br>• 坐在“甜甜圈”上，这是一个充气半圈，可以减轻直肠区域的压力。甜甜圈可以在医院用品店或药房购买。<br>• 将冰袋或雪泥袋敷在患处可减轻肿胀。（将 1 杯水和 1/4 杯外用酒精倒入重型冷冻袋中，冷冻数小时；用布包好涂抹。）<br>• 痔疮外用软膏很有帮助。<br>• 如果症状恶化或发生直肠出血，请咨询医疗保健提供者

HemorrhoidsIncreased constipation and straining during defecation, pelvic edema, and venous pooling all contribute to the development of hemorrhoids. The following tips will help to prevent and decrease the discomfort of hemorrhoids:• Avoid becoming constipated. Slowly increase soluble and insoluble fiber in the diet, and add a fiber supplement if needed.• Maintain adequate fluid intake (at least 8 to 10 glasses of water a day during preg-nancy, and 10 to 12 for women who are breastfeeding). Use the urine test to determine if fluids need to be increased. Clear urine means adequate hydration; darker yellow urine signals that more hydration is needed.• Sit on a “donut,” an inflatable half circle that takes pressure off the rectal area. Donuts can be purchased at a hospital supply store or pharmacy.• Ice or slush packs applied to the affected area will reduce swelling. (Pour 1 cup of water and 1/4 cup of rubbing alcohol in a heavy-duty freezer bag and freeze several hours; wrap in a cloth to apply.)• Topical ointments for hemorrhoids are helpful. • Consult with a health care provider if symptoms worsen or if rectal bleeding occu<br>

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