: OSCs, organic solar cells; BHJ, bulk heterojunction; D, donor;A, acceptor; PC61BM, phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester; PC71BM, phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester; LUMO, lowest unoccupied molecular orbital; PCE,power conversion efficiency; NIR, near infrared; Voc, open circuit voltage; OPV,organic photovoltaic; Jsc, short circuit current; PDI, perylene diimide; NDI,naphthalenediimide; FF, fill factor; DFT, density functional theory; GIWAXS,grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering; OFET, organic field effect transistor; CB, chlorobenzene; DCB, 1,2-dichlorobenzene; Eloss, energy loss; SM, smallmolecule; SM NFAs, SM nonfullerene acceptors; 3D, three dimensional; 2D, twodimensional; ST-OSCs, semitransparent OSCs; RMS, root mean square; AFM,atomic force microscopy; TEM, transmission electron microscopy; APSCs, allpolymer solar cells; WBG, wide bandgap; EL, electroluminescence.