Always conduct a gate seal study during process development and establish whether the mold will run with or without gate seal. There are different ways to establish what second-stage time should be set at: some people will add 1 second to the gate seal time or add 10% to the gate seal time. Determine a method and make sure that it is followed. If the gate seals at 8 seconds, setting second-stage time at 8 may lead to times when the gate is sealed or unsealed; therefore, setting second-stage time at 9 seconds will make sure that the gate is sealed. See Figure 26.2 for an example of a gate seal study form; note in this example that the gate seals at 8 seconds, so second-stage time would be set to 9. Any time longer than 9 seconds for second stage will only be packing the runner because if the gate is sealed the pressure can no longer have any effect past the gate. Molders do not get paid to sell runners, so try not waste time and material packing out runners!