The BaTiO3 nanocrystal synthesis wa

The BaTiO3 nanocrystal synthesis was adapted from a literature procedure.(5) In short, deionized water (20 mL) and a separate solution of bimetallic alkoxide (8.6 mL), diluted to 0.43 M with n-butanol, were placed in an enclosed chamber under a nitrogen atmosphere. The solution containing the bimetallic alkoxide was exposed to the water vapor for 24 h. After 24 h, the water source was removed, and the particles were allowed to age under nitrogen at 37 °C for 24 h. The resulting off-white gel was collected and rinsed in ethanol (3 × 10 mL) and dried in vacuo (25 °C, 0.05 mmHg) for 24 h.