As seen in Table 7.2, O3 and NO3 ha

As seen in Table 7.2, O3 and NO3 have large rate constants for alkenes, and they increase with the number of carbons. It is characteristic that the difference in rate constants are largely dependent on molecular structure, even though the carbon number is the same. As discussed in paragraphs 5.4.3 and 5.5.3 in Chapter 5, these reactions are electrophilic addition reactions so that the rate constants for alkenes with a double bond adjacent to multiple methyl groups that pushes out electrons are very fast. Such alkenes are also called internal olefins. Although not shown in Table 7.2, it is known that NO3 reacts with C4 alkanes, and C8 aromatic hydrocarbons with the rate constants with the order of ~10-16 cm3molecule-1 s-1(Atkinson and Arey, 2003)．