Formal techniques are also availabl

Formal techniques are also available that rely on the judgment of skilled observers: (1) the time study method, (2) the elemental standard data method, (3) the predetermined data method, and (4) work sampling. A fifth method, (5) learning curve analysis, is particularly appropriate when a new product or process is introduced and the time per unit produced has not yet stabilized. The method chosen depends on the purpose of the data, process type (job, batch, or line), and degree of product customization. A more comprehensive treatment of these techniques is provided in MyOMLab Supplement H, “Measuring Output Rates” and MyOMLab Supplement I, “Learning Curve Analysis.”