Finally, our findings motivate a pair of general breeding strategies. To boost production of THCA, select parents with higher CNs of THCAS paralogs, whereas for cultivars with more CBDA, select parents with fewer such paralogs. As cultivars express synthases from multiple points in the pathway differently (Table 1), all of these genes should be considered for breeding purposes. For exclusive production of either THCA or CBDA, cross cultivars bearing only truncated paralogs of the opposing synthase genes.