一直以来，言语交际是一种双边的或多边的言语行为，为保证交际的顺利进行，

For a long time, verbal communication is a bilateral or multilateral speech act. To ensure the smooth progress of communication, language users must abide by some basic principles. This includes the "cooperation principle" put forward by the American philosopher HP Grice in 1967 and the "polite principle" put forward by GN Leech and others. Although Grice’s "cooperation theory" and "conversational meaning" have strong practical significance, the "cooperation principle" does not explain why people sometimes express themselves in an implicit and indirect manner in violation of the conversational rules. The politeness principle Filled up this gap and explained it. Leech borrowed the "cost-benefit" analysis in economics to discuss the profit and loss of the speaker and the listener, and proposed the six principles of the politeness principle and other sub-criteria. The six standards include "Tact Maxim", "Generosity Maxim", "Approbation Maxim", "Modesty Maxim", "Agreement Maxim", and "Sympathy Maxim".

一直以来，言语交际是一种双边的或多边的言语行为，为保证交际的顺利进行，语言应用者必须共同遵守一些基本原则。这就包括美国哲学家格赖斯（H. P. Grice）于1967年提出的“合作原则”以及利奇（G. N. Leech）等人提出的“礼貌原则”。虽然格赖斯提出的“合作理论”和“会话意义”具有很强的现实意义，但“合作原则 ”没有解释为什么有的时候人们要违反会话准则而以含蓄、间接的方式表达自己，礼貌原则填补了这块空白，对其进行了解释。Leech 借用了经济学里的“成本—效益”分析讨论了说话人和听话人的损益问题，提出了礼貌原则的六条准则及其它次准则。其中六条准则包括 “Tact Maxim” 、 “Generosity Maxim” 、“Approbation Maxim”、“Modesty Maxim”、“Agreement Maxim”、“Sympathy Maxim”.

For a long time, speech communication is a kind of bilateral or multilateral speech act. In order to ensure the smooth progress of communication, language users must abide by some basic principles. This includes the cooperative principle proposed by American philosopher H. P. Grice in 1967 and the politeness principle proposed by G. n. leech. Although Grice's "cooperative theory" and "conversational meaning" have strong practical significance, the "cooperative principle" does not explain why people sometimes violate the conversational norms and express themselves implicitly and indirectly. Politeness principle fills this gap and explains it. Leech uses the "cost-benefit" analysis in economics to discuss the profit and loss of the speaker and the hearer, and puts forward six criteria and other sub criteria of politeness principle. Six of them include "tact maximum", "geneticity maximum", "approval maximum", "modern maximum", "agreement maximum" and "Symphony maximum"<BR>