Dynamics response to changes in operating conditions as a function of time can be modeled using the Fuel Cell and Electrolysis module. For example, a change in the cell voltage or current density, or inlet mass flow rates at the anode and/or the cathode. The procedure for setting up and solving transient Fuel Cell and Electrolysis problems are the same as that used for a normal ANSYS Fluent transient problem as discussed in the ANSYS Fluent User's Guide. Assuming that the time scales associated with the electric fields are much smaller than those associated with the flow and thermal fields, the steady-state equations are retained for the two electric potentials, (that is, Equation 1.7 (p. 4) and Equation 1.8 (p. 4)). Transient terms in all other equations such as momentum transport, energy transport, species transport, liquid water transport, and membrane water content equations are activated.