Fig.10 shows the water flux across

Fig.10 shows the water flux across the membrane. Close to the cathode inlet electro-osmosis is dominating, leading to a water flux from anode to cathode, whereas close to the cathode outlet and below most of the channel lands back diffusion from cathode to anode takes place. Liquid water mainly accumulates below the channel lands (see Fig.11 left). Fig. 11 right shows the different phase change regions: under the channel lands condensation occurs (blue) and liquidwater is produced. Due to capillary effects it is transported towards the flow channel. However, on its way to the channel, a small amount of liquid water passes the cathode reaction layer under the channel, where it evaporates (red).