Based on a review of the literature

基于对文献数据的回顾和Shanti等人开发的模型的分析，我们在此提出，冰模板陶瓷的致密化既受<br>凝固阶段渗透压的影响，又受凝固形态的影响。大孔，更具体地说是固体/蒸汽界面的曲率半径。该<br>过程中溶剂的选择，例如水、,烯，二恶烷或甘油，将通过表面张力变化而部分影响，从而影响局部颗粒<br>堆积，因此在大孔隙度和微孔隙度之间保持平衡，但这本身不能解释实验观察到的孔隙度变化的幅度。Shanti推导忽略了溶剂对渗透压的影响。例如，应该使用White推导的更一般的渗透压方程代替Shanti推导。当改变溶剂时，渗透压的变化会在冷冻阶段产生明显不同的行为，因此会显着影响致密化行为，这在使用Shanti模型时并不明显。此外，<br>同样重要的是，当改变溶剂时，溶剂晶体形态的演变会引起孔形态的改变。高度枝晶和小晶体将促进生坯的致密化，并产生具有较低总孔隙率的多孔材料。需要确定典型的冰模板悬浮液中的渗透压才能验证这些主张。

Based on a review of the literature data and an analysis of the model developed by Shanti et al., we propose here that the densification of ice templated ceramics is governed both by the<br>influence of the osmotic pressure during the solidification stage and by the morphology of the macropores, and more specifically the radius of curvature of the solid/vapour interface. The<br>choice of a solvent for the process, such as water, camphene, dioxane or glycerol, will have a partial influence through the variation of the surface tension, which affects local particles<br>packing and therefore the balance between macroporosity and microporosity, but this alone cannot explain the magnitude of porosity variations observed experimentally. The Shanti derivation neglects the effect of the solvent on the osmotic pressure.Instead of Shanti derivation one should, for instance, use the more general equation of the osmotic pressure derived by White. Variations of the osmotic pressure when changing the solvent can yield significantly different behaviour during the freezing stage and therefore significantly affect the densification behaviour, an effect not apparent when using the Shanti model. In addition,<br>and equally important, a modification of the pores morphology is induced by the evolution of the solvent crystals morphology when changing the solvent. Highly dendritic and small crystals will facilitate the densification of the green body and yield porous materials with a lower total porosity. Determination of the osmotic pressure in the typical ice-templating suspensions is required to validate these propositions.

基于对文献数据的回顾和对Shanti等人提出的模型的分析，我们认为冰模板陶瓷的致密化过程受<br>凝固阶段的渗透压和大孔隙的形态，更具体地说是固体/蒸汽界面的曲率半径的影响。这个<br>选择一种溶剂，如水、樟脑、二氧六环或甘油，将通过表面张力的变化产生部分影响，从而影响局部颗粒<br>填充以及因此在大孔隙率和微孔之间的平衡，但这不能单独解释实验观察到的孔隙度变化的大小。Shanti推导忽略了溶剂对渗透性的影响压力。相反例如，我们应该使用怀特推导的更普遍的渗透压方程。改变溶剂时渗透压的变化会在冻结阶段产生明显不同的行为，因此会显著影响致密化行为，而在使用Shanti模型时，这种影响并不明显。此外，<br>同样重要的是，在改变溶剂时，溶剂晶体形态的演变会导致孔隙形态的改变。高枝晶和小晶体有助于坯体的致密化，并产生总孔隙率较低的多孔材料。为了验证这些命题，需要测定典型冰模板悬浮液中的渗透压。<br>