4.2. Both Fama - the return of MacBethCompared with portfolio analysis, the advantage of Fama-Macbeth regression is that control variables can be easily added, provided that a linear relationship between explanatory variables and explained variables is assumed. In this section, I will introduce fama-macbeth regression, and use Y as explanatory variable, and Xk(k=1,2...) as explanatory variable. Represents the explained variable.4.2.1. Regression stepsFama-macbeth's return is a two-step process. Firstly, the explained variables are used to make cross-sectional regression. Then the mean value of coefficients in time series and the corresponding statistics are calculated to draw a conclusion whether the mean value of coefficients is significant or not.4.2.1.1 Cross sectional regression of each phaseCross sectional regression of explanatory variables with explained variables: