improvements. Quality planning init

improvements. Quality planning initiates programs by addressing quality concerns duringthe product- or service-development process. Quality control ensures conformanceto the parameters established in the planning phase during the operations phase. Qualityimprovements are used to continually improve operations and reduce waste.Dr. Kaoru Ishikawa Dr. Kaoru Ishikawa made significant contributions to the qualitymovement. He provided a collection of analytical tools to use in the workplace and developedthe cause-and-effect diagram that bears his name. The following list explains some ofthese tools and provides examples:Check Sheet Check sheets are the simplest analysis tools, requiring only a list of itemsthat might be expected to occur. In an HR setting, a check sheet might be used to keeptrack of the reasons people resign from their positions. Figure 5.1 is an example of acheck sheet used for that purpose. When an item occurs, a check or tick mark is placednext to it on the list. The data collected with a check sheet may be graphically representedin a histogram to facilitate analysis.