自地球上生命诞生以来，就主要以太阳提供的热辐射能生存。而在化石燃料日趋

自地球上生命诞生以来，就主要以太阳提供的热辐射能生存。而在化石燃料日趋减少的情况下，太阳能已成为人类使用能源的重要组成部分，并不断得到发展，太阳能是一种有前途的、清洁的、丰富的可再生能源，既能满足世界能源需求，又能有效解决化石燃料对环境的污染问题。太阳能热系统是利用太阳能的一种常用的重要途径，它可以将太阳辐射转化为热能，可以直接应用于许多实际应用中，如海水淡化、蒸馏和废水处理等工业过程。另外，对于热光电器件来说，热能也可以转化为电能。由于其几乎利用了整个太阳光谱，热光电器件最近被证明比单独的光伏电池具有更高的光电转换效率。吸收器是太阳能热系统中的核心部件,负责光热转换,其性能好坏对于系统温度的提升,效率的提高都有着重要的作用。整个系统的性能为了最大限度地提高必须提高太阳吸收器的光热转换效率，光谱选择性吸收是非常必要的（太阳吸收器需要具有高效的太阳吸收能力，同时抑制中红外辐射）.<br>因此，研究近理想太阳吸收器对于许多有前途的应用非常重要，提高太阳吸收器的性能将极大地促进太阳热产业的发展。然而遗憾的是，这些高光谱选择性、近乎完美的太阳吸收、角无关和偏振无关的太阳吸收器的设计仍然困难。

自地球上生命诞生以来，就主要以太阳提供的热辐射能生存。而在化石燃料日趋减少的情况下，太阳能已成为人类使用能源的重要组成部分，并不断得到发展，太阳能是一种有前途的、清洁的、丰富的可再生能源，既能满足世界能源需求，又能有效解决化石燃料对环境的污染问题。太阳能热系统是利用太阳能的一种常用的重要途径，它可以将太阳辐射转化为热能，可以直接应用于许多实际应用中，如海水淡化、蒸馏和废水处理等工业过程。另外，对于热光电器件来说，热能也可以转化为电能。由于其几乎利用了整个太阳光谱，热光电器件最近被证明比单独的光伏电池具有更高的光电转换效率。吸收器是太阳能热系统中的核心部件,负责光热转换,其性能好坏对于系统温度的提升,效率的提高都有着重要的作用。整个系统的性能为了最大限度地提高必须提高太阳吸收器的光热转换效率，光谱选择性吸收是非常必要的（太阳吸收器需要具有高效的太阳吸收能力，同时抑制中红外辐射）.<br>因此，研究近理想太阳吸收器对于许多有前途的应用非常重要，提高太阳吸收器的性能将极大地促进太阳热产业的发展。然而遗憾的是，这些高光谱选择性、近乎完美的太阳吸收、角无关和偏振无关的太阳吸收器的设计仍然困难。

Since the birth of life on the earth, it has been living mainly with the thermal radiation energy provided by the sun. With the decrease of fossil fuel, solar energy has become an important part of human energy, and it has been developed continuously. Solar energy is a promising, clean and rich renewable energy, which can not only meet the world energy demand, but also effectively solve the problem of environmental pollution caused by fossil fuel. Solar thermal system is an important way to use solar energy. It can convert solar radiation into heat energy, and can be directly used in many practical applications, such as desalination, distillation, wastewater treatment and other industrial processes. In addition, thermal energy can also be converted into electrical energy for thermooptical devices. Because it almost uses the whole solar spectrum, thermophotovoltaic devices have recently been proved to have higher photoelectric conversion efficiency than single photovoltaic cells. Absorber is the core part of solar thermal system, which is responsible for the conversion of light and heat. Its performance plays an important role in the improvement of system temperature and efficiency. In order to improve the performance of the whole system, it is necessary to improve the solar absorber's efficiency of light and heat conversion<br>Therefore, the study of near ideal solar absorbers is very important for many promising applications. Improving the performance of solar absorbers will greatly promote the development of solar thermal industry. Unfortunately, the design of these solar absorbers, which are hyperspectral selective, nearly perfect, angle independent and polarization independent, is still difficult.<br>