Cognitive BiasA cognitive bias is a type of error in thinking that occurs when peopleare collecting, processing, and interpreting information. It is adeficiency or limitation in how people think. Such biases can resultfrom attempting to simplify information processing and may ormay not be factual. That is, people use mental shortcuts called heuristicsto speed up the process of finding a satisfactory solution,rather than an optimal one, and to ease the cognitive load of makinga decision. Overcoming cognitive biases requires both recognizingtheir existence and changing the way of thinking.