In summary, our analysis showed that the Wuhan CoV shared with the SARS/SARS-like coronaviruses a common ancestor that resembles the bat coronavirus HKU9-1. Our work points to the important discovery that the RBD domain of the Wuhan CoV S-protein supports strong interaction with human ACE2 molecules despite its sequence diversity with SARS-CoV S-protein. Thus the Wuhan CoV poses a sig- nificant public health risk for human transmission via the S- protein–ACE2 binding pathway. People also need to be re- minded that risk and dynamic of cross-species or human-to- human transmission of coronaviruses are also affected by many other factors, like the host’s immune response, viral replication efficiency, or virus mutation rate.