然而，这些方法的缺点是只考虑了一个有待改进的因素（即初始种群、勘探、开

However, the disadvantage of these methods is considered only an improved factor (ie, the initial population, exploration, development and diversity) to be and, most using the improved algorithm GOA methods include more parameters to be adjusted

However, the disadvantage of these methods is that only one factor for improvement (i.e. initial population, exploration, development and diversity) is taken into account and that most methods using improved GOA algorithms contain more parameters that must be adjusted

However, the disadvantage of these methods is that only one factor to be improved (i.e. initial population, exploration, development and diversity) is considered, and most of the methods using the improved Goa algorithm contain more parameters that must be adjusted<br>