随着社会的发展，人们对材料的使用和性能提出了更多的要求，形状记忆材料作

With the development of society, people have put forward more requirements on the use and performance of materials, and shape memory materials have emerged as a new type of smart materials. Shape memory polyurethane is a new type of smart polymer material that can respond to external stimuli and return to its original form through a specific thermodynamic process. Based on different applications, it provides functions such as shape expansion, shape fixation and recovery, shape recovery rate and controllable recovery force. Shape memory polyurethane can directly or indirectly stimulate the shape memory properties of materials through heat, electricity, light, magnetism, etc., and has broad application prospects in smart textiles, aerospace, biology and other fields. In this article, we first introduce shape memory polymer materials and their mechanism; the structure, memory mechanism and classification of shape memory polyurethane; then discuss the factors that affect its shape memory performance; summarize the application progress of shape memory polyurethane in different fields; discuss several current modifications Polyurethane polymer.

With the development of society, people put forward more requirements for the use and performance of materials, shape memory materials as a new type of intelligent materials came into being. Shape Memory Polyurethane is a new intelligent polymer material that responds to external stimuli and returns to its initial form through specific thermodynamic processes. Based on different applications, it provides performance such as shape expand function, shape fixation and reply function, shape reply rate and reply force control. Shape memory polyurethane can stimulate the shape memory performance of materials directly or indirectly by means of heat, electricity, light, magnetism, etc., and has broad application prospects in intelligent textile, aerospace, biology and other fields. In this paper, the structure, memory structure and classification of shape memory polyurethane are introduced, the factors affecting the ability of shape memory are discussed, the application progress of shape memory polyurethane in different fields is summarized, and several modified polyurethane polymers are discussed.

随着社会的发展，人们对材料的使用和性能提出了更多的要求，形状记忆材料作为一种新型智能材料应运而生。形状记忆聚氨酯是一种形状记忆高分子，可以响应外界刺激，并通过特定的热力学过程回复到初始形态的新型智能高分子材料。基于不同的应用，提供形状展开功能、形状固定及回复功能、形状回复率及回复力可控等性能。形状记忆聚氨酯可以通过热、电、光、磁等方式直接或者间接地激发材料的形状记忆性能，在智能纺织、航空航天、生物等领域具有广阔的应用前景。在本文首先介绍形状记忆高分子材料以及机理；形状记忆聚氨酯的结构、记忆机理和分类；然后讨论影响其形状记忆性能的因素；总结形状记忆聚氨酯在不同领域的应用进展；讨论目前几种改性聚氨酯高分子。<br>