Another key concept concerns the communicationpathways between organs in IMIDs, suchas the interaction of the joint and the gut; theconcept also concerns the link to other surfacesof the body, such as the skin — a link that maybe explained by circulation of soluble mediatorsand deregulated trafficking of immune effectorcells. This concept may allow targeting of IMIDsthrough shared disease pathways. These newinsights will further reframe our understandingof disease-associated signature cytokine hubs andoffer new avenues for targeted intervention.