The results showed that the CACTA-like transposon insertion and the Harbinger-like transposon insertion arose ∼7,269 and ∼4,645 y B.P., respectively. These estimates suggest that both transposon insertions arose postdomestication and that the Harbinger-like transposon insertion at ZmCCT9 arose ∼2,624 y later than the CACTA-like transposon insertion at ZmCCT10, thereby leading to the differences in the geographic range.