There are two hypotheses that try to explain the origin of the Indo-European language family.The Steppe hypothesis traces back the origin of Indo-European language to the Pontic steppes regionnorth of the Caspian Sea. Archaeological records provide some clues regarding to expansion from thisarea about 6000 years ago, however the implied models of such expansion remain untested.Alternatively, it has been claimed that the languages spread from Anatolia with the development ofagricultural activities about 8000 to 9500 years ago (the Anatolian hypothesis). The agriculturalexpansion reached the edge of Western Europe by 5000 years ago and had run its course about 4000years ago.Bouckaert and his colleagues (2018) assessed the two hypotheses with Bayesian phylogeographicapproaches using vocabulary information from the ancient and contemporary Indo-Europeanlanguages.