Preformed biofilms (18 h) of P. aeruginosa PAO1 in eight-well chamber slides without CAD formed a dense biofilm (Fig. 6a), while 3 mM CAD-treated biofilms showed a biomass reduction of 95 % (Fig. 6b) compared to the no-CAD control wells. This is supported by the CV assay (Fig. 5), where the addition of 3 mM CAD resulted in 73.8±3.9 % biofilm dispersion.