1. 低氧血症和高碳酸血症的发生机制各种病因通过引起肺泡通气不足、弥散

1. Mechanisms of hypoxemia and hypercapnia. Various etiologies cause alveolar hypoventilation, diffusion disturbance, alveolar ventilation/blood flow imbalance, increased intrapulmonary arteriovenous anatomical shunt, and increased oxygen consumption. Mechanisms that impede the ventilation and/or ventilation process, leading to respiratory failure. <br>2. Effects of hypoxemia and hypercapnia on the body <br>(1) Effects on the central nervous system: The oxygen consumption of brain tissue is large, about 1/5~1/4 of the oxygen consumption of the whole body. Oxygen is very sensitive. Usually complete cessation of oxygen supply for 4 to 5 minutes can cause irreversible brain damage. The effects of hypoxia on the central nervous system depend on the degree of hypoxia (Table 1) and the speed at which it occurs.

1. The pathogenesis of hypoxemia and hypercapnia. Various etiologies hinder the process of ventilation and / or ventilation and lead to respiratory failure through five main mechanisms: insufficient alveolar ventilation, diffusion disorder, imbalance of alveolar ventilation / blood flow ratio, increase of anatomical shunt of pulmonary arteriovenous and increase of oxygen consumption.<br>2. Effects of hypoxemia and hypercapnia on the body<br>(1) Effect on central nervous system: the oxygen consumption of brain tissue is large, about 1 / 5 ~ 1 / 4 of that of the whole body, so it is very sensitive to hypoxia. Usually, complete cessation of oxygen supply for 4 ~ 5 minutes can cause irreversible brain damage. The effect of hypoxia on the central nervous system depends on the degree of hypoxia (Table 1) and the rate of occurrence.

1. The mechanism of hypoxemia and hypercapnia: Various causes cause five main mechanisms: insufficient alveolar ventilation, diffusion disorder, imbalance of alveolar ventilation/blood flow ratio, increase of intra-pulmonary arterial-venous anatomical shunt and increase of oxygen consumption, which make the ventilation and/or ventilation process be obstructed and lead to respiratory failure. 2. Effects of hypoxemia and hypercapnia on the body (1) Influence on the central nervous system: the oxygen consumption of brain tissue is large, which is about 1/5~1/4 of the total oxygen consumption of the whole body, so it is very sensitive to hypoxia. Usually, irreversible brain damage can be caused when oxygen supply is completely stopped for 4~5 minutes. The effect of hypoxia on the central nervous system depends on the degree of hypoxia (Table 1) and the occurrence rate.