C. False. Indirect fitness is an individual's fitness plus the additional fitnessthat it gets by helping genetically related individuals to breed. Vampire batslive in colonies made up unrelated females, and so only have direct fitness ifthey can survive in hard times.D. True. Vampire bats can recognize and remember other individual bats sothat to make sure that other bats can't cheat.Reference: Greg Krukonis, PhD; Tracy Barr (2008). Evolution for dummies