a Reaction conditions: catalyst (0.2 g), toluene (0.1 mol), benzyl chloride (0.02 mol). bProduct yield after the reaction at 373 K for 1 h. cProduct yield after the reaction at 300 K for 4 h. dTOF was calculated from the rate of benzyl toluene produced at 300 K and the concentration of Lewis acid sites; nd = not detected.