也就是说，每单位面积的辐照能量，可以与诸如激光功率密度和熔覆速度等因素

In other words, the irradiation energy per unit area can be considered together with factors such as laser power density and cladding speed. <br>The reduction of specific energy is helpful to reduce the dilution rate, and has a certain relationship with the thickness of the cladding layer. Under certain laser power conditions, the dilution rate of the cladding layer decreases with increasing spot diameter. When the cladding speed and spot diameter remain unchanged, the dilution rate of the cladding layer increases as the laser beam power increases . In addition, as the cladding speed increases, the melting depth of the substrate decreases, and the dilution rate of the substrate material to the cladding layer decreases. <br>In the process of multi-layer laser cladding, the overlap rate is the main factor affecting the surface roughness of the cladding layer. With the increase of the lap rate, the surface roughness of the cladding layer will decrease, but the uniformity of the lapped part is difficult Guarantee. The depth of the overlapping area between the cladding channels is different from the depth in the middle of the cladding channels, thereby affecting the uniformity of the entire cladding layer. In addition, the residual tensile stress of multiple lap claddings will be superimposed, which increases the local total stress value and increases the sensitivity of the cladding layer cracks. Preheating and tempering can reduce the cracking tendency of the cladding layer.

也就是说，每单位面积的辐照能量，可以与诸如激光功率密度和熔覆速度等因素综合一起考虑。<br>比能量的降低有利于降低稀释率，并与熔覆层的厚度也有一定的关系。在一定的激光功率条件下，熔覆层的稀释率随着光斑直径的增大而减小，当熔覆速度和光斑直径不变时，熔覆层的稀释率随着激光束功率增加而增加。此外，随熔覆速度的增加，基体的熔化深度减小，基体材料对熔覆层的稀释率降低。<br>在多道激光熔覆过程中，搭接率是影响熔覆层表面粗糙度大小的主要因素，随着搭接率的提高，熔覆层表面粗糙度将会降低，但搭接部分均匀性难以保证。熔覆道之间相互搭接区域的深度不同于与熔覆道正中的深度，从而影响整个熔覆层的均匀性。此外，多道搭接熔覆的残余拉应力将会叠加，这增加了局部总应力值，且增大了熔覆层裂纹的敏感性。预热及回火可以降低熔覆层的裂纹倾向。

In other words, the irradiation energy per unit area can be considered together with factors such as laser power density and cladding speed.<br>The reduction of specific energy is beneficial to the reduction of dilution ratio, and has a certain relationship with the thickness of cladding layer. Under a certain laser power, the dilution ratio of the cladding layer decreases with the increase of the spot diameter. When the cladding speed and spot diameter are constant, the dilution ratio of the cladding layer increases with the increase of the laser power. In addition, with the increase of the cladding speed, the melting depth of the substrate decreases, and the dilution ratio of the substrate material to the cladding layer decreases.<br>In the process of multi-channel laser cladding, the lapping rate is the main factor affecting the surface roughness of cladding layer. With the increase of lapping rate, the surface roughness of cladding layer will decrease, but the uniformity of lapping part is difficult to guarantee. The depth of the overlapping area between the cladding channels is different from that in the center of the cladding channel, which affects the uniformity of the whole cladding layer. In addition, the residual tensile stress of multi pass lap cladding will be superimposed, which increases the local total stress value and increases the sensitivity of cladding cracks. Preheating and tempering can reduce the crack tendency of cladding layer.