VRC has conducted several studies regarding the temperature rise of sprayed components, finding in many cases substrate cooling is not required. This is especially true with aluminum materials, where nozzle inlet temperature is kept below 425 °C and the spray parameters are optimized for high speed and low thickness-per- pass. However, some materials, such as Inconel 718 or 316 Stainless Steel, require higher nozzle inlet temperatures, and therefore part heating is unavoidable. To assure a minimum amount of component heating in these scenarios, VRC will optionally provide compressed air driven part cooling systems for maintaining the component temperature below 100 °C.