12.4 Temperature rises, other than those of windings, are determined by means of fine-wire thermocouples so chosen and positioned that they have the minimum effect on the temperature of the part under test.The temperature rise of electrical insulation, other than that of windings, is determined on the surface of insulation, at places where failure could cause a short circuit, contact between live parts and accessible parts, bridging of insulation, or reduction of creepage distances or clearances below the values specified in 28.1.Temperature rises of windings are determined by the resistance method, unless the windings are non-uniform, or the method involves severe complications to make the necessary connections for the resistance measurement. In that case, the measurement is made by thermocouples.In determining the temperature rises of handles, knobs, grips and the like, consideration is given to all parts which are gripped in normal use, and, if of insulating material, to those parts in contact with hot metal.