Figure 14 shows the comparison of t

Figure 14 shows the comparison of the skeleton curves of the CIP specimen RC0 and the precast specimen BBPC-2. Consistent with the hysteresis loop, skeleton curves of the two specimens also matched well, and the ultimate load, ultimate displacements and drift ratio were relatively close. Combined with the comparison of the hysteresis loops, it can be concluded that the seismic performance of the precast specimens connected with GCMD is close to that of the CIP bridge columns under the bi-directional load, achieving the design goal of performance equivalence.Park method （Park, 1989） was used to calculate the yield displacement and yield load of the tested specimens （see Fig. 15）. The ductility coefficient μ is expressed as