AbstractAbbreviationsKeywords1. Introduction2. Fly ash characterization2.1. Morphology and physical properties2.2. Chemical compositions2.3. Mineralogical compositions3. Fly ash in concrete4. Nanomaterial based additives for fly ash binders4.1. Effects on microstructure and mechanical strength4.2. Effects on workability4.3. Effects on durability5. Fly ash activators6. Durability of fly ash-based composites7. Sustainability of fly ashes as construction materials8. Conclusions and future workAcknowledgmentReferences