What Are the Right Tasks for AI in

What Are the Right Tasks for AI in Health Care?At its core, AI is a tool. Like all tools, it is better deployed for some tasks than for others. In particular, AI is best used when the primary task is identifying clinically useful patterns in large, high-dimensional data sets. Ideal data sets for AI also have accepted criterion standards that allow AI algorithms to “learn” within the data. For example, BRCA1 is a known genetic sequence linked to breast cancer, and AI algorithms can use that as “the source for truth” criterion when specifying models to predict breast cancer. With appropriate data, AI algorithms can identify subtle and complex associations that are unavailable with traditional analytic approaches, such as multiple small changes on a chest computed tomographic image that collectively indicate pneumonia. Such algorithms can be reliably trained to analyze these complex objects and process the data, images, or both at a high speed and scale. Early AI successes have been concentrated in image-intensive specialties, such as radiology, pathology, ophthalmology, and cardiology.2,3