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The suspension of nanovaterite aggl
The suspension of nanovaterite agglomerates in ethanol was first slip cast in a gypsum mould to remove the excess of ethanol. The powder obtained was dried at 100℃ for 2 h. To perform the compaction experiments, 0.3 g of nanovaterite powder was added into the cavity of a pressing tool of 11 mm diameter (P/O/Weber, Germany). The desired amount of liquid was added directly on top of the powder. A liquid-to-powder (L/P) weight ratio of 0.2 was used. This ratio was typically obtained by mixing 0.060 g of liquid with 0.300 g of powder. The liquid used for most creep tests consisted of a 0.9 wt% aqueous solution of NaCl (EMSURE, Merck). This NaCl concentration is known to increase the CaCO3 solubility36. Paraffin oil (Sigma Aldrich) was used in selected experiments to test the effect of the type of liquid on the compaction behaviour. To investigate the creep response of the nanovaterite powder, the pressing tool was closed and placed in a universal testing machine (Instron 8562, Instron) equipped with a 100 kN load cell. A preload of 200 N was applied on the specimen to ensure a common starting point for the compaction tests. The compaction pressure was then applied at a rate of 0.5 mm/min until the maximum load was reached. This was followed by the application of a constant load that was maintained for time periods ranging from 30 min to 1 h. For each load ,a background displacement curve was obtained with an empty pressing tool. This displacement was then subtracted from the actual values measured with the powder to remove the contribution of the tools to the total deformation. To calculate the density of the compacted specimens,the powder masses were measured 24 h after pressing to take into account any loss that may have occurred during the compaction process. The thickness and diameter of the samples were deduced from the displacement of the machine and the diameter of the pressing tool, respectively. Archimedes measurements confirmed that the geometric density measured during the tests were correct within +/-5%.
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nanovaterite附聚物的在乙醇中的悬浮液在一个石膏模具第一滑移浇铸，以除去过量的乙醇。得到的粉末在100℃干燥℃2小时。为了执行压实实验，0.3克nanovaterite粉末加入到11mm直径的挤压工具（P / O /韦伯，德国）的空腔中。直接在粉末的顶部加入的液体的期望的量。使用的0.2 A液体 - 粉末（L / P）的重量比。物通常通过混合0.060克的液体与0.300克粉末获得该比率。用于大多数蠕变试验液体由氯化钠（EMSURE，默克公司）的0.9重量％水溶液。此NaCl浓度是已知的，以增加所述CaCO 3 solubility36。石蜡油（Sigma Aldrich公司）的混合物在所选实验用来测试的液体上的压实行为的类型的效果。为了研究nanovaterite粉末的蠕变响应，按压工具封闭并放置在万能试验机配备有100千牛称重传感器（英斯特朗8562，英斯特朗）。200 N A预负荷施加在试样上，以确保用于压缩测试一个共同的起点。然后压实压力以0.5毫米/分钟的速率施加，直至最大载荷为止。在此之后该被保持的时间段为30分钟至1个小时的恒定载荷的应用程序。对于每一个负载，用一个空的挤压工具获得的背景位移曲线。该位移然后从与粉末测定除去的工具，以总变形的贡献的实际值中减去。为了计算压实标本的密度，粉末块后压制，考虑到可能在压实过程已经发生的任何损失后测量24个小时。样品的厚度和直径从该机器的位移和加压工具的直径分别推导出。阿基米德测量证实，在测试期间测得的几何密度在+/- 5％是正确的。
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The suspension of nanovaterite agglomerates in ethanol was first slip cast in a gypsum mould to remove the excess of ethanol. The powder obtained was dried at 100℃ for 2 h. To perform the compaction experiments, 0.3 g of nanovaterite powder was added into the cavity of a pressing tool of 11 mm diameter (P/O/Weber, Germany). The desired amount of liquid was added directly on top of the powder. A liquid-to-powder (L/P) weight ratio of 0.2 was used. This ratio was typically obtained by mixing 0.060 g of liquid with 0.300 g of powder. The liquid used for most creep tests consisted of a 0.9 wt% aqueous solution of NaCl (EMSURE, Merck). This NaCl concentration is known to increase the CaCO3 solubility36. Paraffin oil (Sigma Aldrich) was used in selected experiments to test the effect of the type of liquid on the compaction behaviour. To investigate the creep response of the nanovaterite powder, the pressing tool was closed and placed in a universal testing machine (Instron 8562, Instron) equipped with a 100 kN load cell. A preload of 200 N was applied on the specimen to ensure a common starting point for the compaction tests. The compaction pressure was then applied at a rate of 0.5 mm/min until the maximum load was reached. This was followed by the application of a constant load that was maintained for time periods ranging from 30 min to 1 h. For each load ,a background displacement curve was obtained with an empty pressing tool. This displacement was then subtracted from the actual values measured with the powder to remove the contribution of the tools to the total deformation. To calculate the density of the compacted specimens,the powder masses were measured 24 h after pressing to take into account any loss that may have occurred during the compaction process. The thickness and diameter of the samples were deduced from the displacement of the machine and the diameter of the pressing tool, respectively. Archimedes measurements confirmed that the geometric density measured during the tests were correct within +/-5%.
正在翻译中..
将纳米球霰石团聚体悬浮在乙醇中，首先在石膏模中进行滑移铸造，以去除多余的乙醇。将获得的粉末在100℃干燥2 h。为了进行压实试验，将0.3g纳米球霰石粉末添加到直径为11 mm的压具（P/O/Weber，德国）的空腔中。将所需量的液体直接加到粉末上。液粉比（L/P）为0.2。通常通过将0.060 g液体与0.300 g粉末混合获得该比率。用于大多数蠕变试验的液体由0.9 wt%的NaCl水溶液（EMSURE、Merck）组成。已知这种NaCl浓度会增加CaCO3的溶解度36。选用石蜡油（Sigma-Aldrich）作为试验材料，研究了液体种类对压实性能的影响。为了研究纳米球霰石粉体的蠕变响应，将压具封闭并放置在配有100kn称重传感器的万能试验机（Instron 8562，Instron）中。在试样上施加200 N的预载，以确保压实试验的共同起点。然后以0.5 mm/min的速率施加压实压力，直到达到最大荷载。然后施加恒定荷载，持续时间从30分钟到1小时不等。对于每个荷载，使用空压工具获得背景位移曲线。然后从粉末测量的实际值中减去该位移，以消除工具对总变形的贡献。为了计算压实试样的密度，在压实后24小时测量粉末质量，以考虑压实过程中可能出现的任何损失。试样的厚度和直径分别由机床的位移和压具的直径计算得出。阿基米德测量结果证实，试验期间测量的几何密度在±5%范围内是正确的。<br>
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