For watershed-scale hydrological issues, instead of separating its runoff generation and confluence, we use a holistic (i.e. system view) approach to watershed hydrology.
The problem of watershed-scale hydrology is not the division of its currents, but the study of watershed hydrology methods using the whole (i.e., the systematic viewpoint).
For the basin scale hydrology, it is not to separate the runoff and confluence, but to study the basin hydrology with the holistic (i.e. systematic point of view)<br>