The influence of applying an electric field (EF)treatment (1 kV/cm, 50 Hz) on a brandy stored in a 5-L oakbarrel to simulate the industry application during 180 dayswas investigated in this paper. The compositions in the EFtreated and control brandy sample including tannins, totalphenols, volatile phenols, esters as well as unpleasant compounds were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography and solid phase micro-extraction along with gaschromatography–mass spectrometry. Results showed thatafter being treated by EF the content of most beneficialmaterials on brandy quality such as tannins, total phenols,volatile phenols as well as esters was increased while thecontent of some harmful compounds (acetaldehyde, acetal,and higher alcohols) was decreased. The amounts of acetaldehyde and higher alcohols on treated sample were 7.1%and 10.5% lower than the control one, respectively. On theother hand, the content of tannins and total phenols inbrandy treated for 180 days was significantly higher thanthe control sample. Therefore, it was demonstrated that thematuration process and esterification in oak barrel brandywas enhanced and the quality of the brandy was improvedby EF treatment. The application of electric field treatmentdirectly on oak barrel is a promising and feasible technologyto accelerate brandy maturation