The ductility coefficients of the t

The ductility coefficients of the three joints are shown in the two rightmost columns of Table 3. The ductility coefficients of the three joints were similar, and it can be considered that the three joints had considerable ductility. The different strength of concrete in the keyway area had little influence on the ductility as seen by comparing the precast prestressed concrete joints. The ductility coefficient for each joint was between 5.3 and 6.3, and these values are greater than the ductility coefficient of 3–4 as required for seismic structure design. Thus, the joints tested have good ductility and meet the structural seismic requirements.